Dextromethorphan has properties of which types of drugs?

Dextromethorphan (DXM) is primarily known for its use as a cough suppressant in over-the-counter medications. However, at higher doses, it can produce effects that are similar to those of dissociative anesthetics, such as ketamine and PCP. This is due to its action as a non-competitive NMDA receptor antagonist, which induces dissociative effects, where users may feel detached from their body or surroundings.

Additionally, dextromethorphan has been recognized for its potential serotonergic activity, particularly through its effects on serotonin reuptake inhibition. This activity can contribute to mood elevation and alterations in perception and can play a role in the experiences associated with its misuse.

The combination of these properties—dissociative and serotonergic—highlights why this option is correct, as it reflects the dual nature of DXM's pharmacological effects. Understanding these properties is crucial for addressing the potential misuse of DXM in recreational contexts, as users may seek its dissociative effects and the alteration in mood or perception that can accompany serotonergic activity.