What is the focus of tertiary prevention?

The focus of tertiary prevention is on limiting the progression of an established disease. This level of prevention comes into play after a disease has been diagnosed and aims to reduce the impact of the disease on the individual by managing and minimizing complications. In the context of addiction medicine, tertiary prevention might involve interventions such as rehabilitation programs, ongoing support for individuals recovering from substance use disorders, or strategies to prevent relapse.

While the other options relate to different levels of prevention, they do not align with the goal of tertiary prevention. Primary prevention aims to prevent diseases from starting in the first place, such as through vaccination or health education about risk factors. Secondary prevention focuses on early disease detection and prompt intervention to halt the disease process, such as screening programs. Increasing awareness about the risks of diseases generally fits within the realms of public health promotion, which is also distinct from the treatment-focused nature of tertiary prevention. Thus, the emphasis on managing an existing condition and preventing further deterioration is what distinctly defines tertiary prevention.